Stomata are tiny holes in an oval surrounded by two specialized epidermal cells, called cap cells (Cell Guard), which covers the cells are epidermal cells that have undergone changes in form and function of events that can set the size of the existing holes among others. Stomata are generally found in plant parts that are green, particularly on the leaves of plants. On Submerged aquatic plants or plants that live below the water surface there are tools whose structure is similar to the stomata, but these tools are not stomata. On the leaves that are green have stomata on one surface.
Image of Stomata.
Stomata can be divided into several parts in between. Namely (a) of the cell cover / guard cells (guard cell), (b) Part of a neighboring cell, and (c) in the air space. Tues cover consists of a pair of cells that seem semetris, generally kidney-shaped, at the top and bottom of the cell wall seems there is a tool that shaped ledge (ledges), sometimes found on the ledge is only part of the cell wall. The function of the cell wall ledge at the top it is as constraints the vestibule (Front Cavity) above porusnya while limiting the back room (Basic cavity) with air space between the porous contained underneath. The uniqueness of the guard cells is smooth cellulose fibers (cellulose microfibril) on its cell wall is composed around the guard cells, the pattern of this arrangement is known as miselasi Radial (Radial Micellation). Because the cellulose fiber is relatively inelastic, so if the guard cells cause the cells to absorb water can not be enlarged in diameter but elongated. Due to the guard cell adherence to each other at both ends elongated due to absorb water so they will be curved outwards. This incident which caused cracks to open stomata (Kertasaputra, 1988).
Circumstances where the cell can determine cover different kinds of stomata, such as:
- Phanerophore stoma is a stoma cap cells located on the leaf surface, as in plants hidrophyt. A stoma that is located on the surface of these leaves can easily lead to much expenditure and in addition epidermisnya has no cuticle layer.
- Kriptophore stoma is a stoma that cap cells are much leaf surface, usually found on plants that live in dry areas that can directly receive solar radiation. Thus its function to reduce excessive evaporation, help functions epidermis, has a thick layer of cuticle and hairs. Usually groups are often found on cactus plants.
Tues neighbors on stomata are the cells that surround the cell cover (guard cell). Neighboring cells is composed of two or more cells that specifically establish the function of cells associated with the closing. Air space in (substomatal chamber) is a space between cells (intersellular space) is large, the dual function of photosynthesis and transpiration (Kertasaputra, 1988).
Circumstances where the cell can determine cover different kinds of stomata, such as:
- Phanerophore stoma is a stoma cap cells located on the leaf surface, as in plants hidrophyt. A stoma that is located on the surface of these leaves can easily lead to much expenditure and in addition epidermisnya has no cuticle layer.
- Kriptophore stoma is a stoma that cap cells are much leaf surface, usually found on plants that live in dry areas that can directly receive solar radiation. Thus its function to reduce excessive evaporation, help functions epidermis, has a thick layer of cuticle and hairs. Usually groups are often found on cactus plants.
Tues neighbors on stomata are the cells that surround the cell cover (guard cell). Neighboring cells is composed of two or more cells that specifically establish the function of cells associated with the closing. Air space in (substomatal chamber) is a space between cells (intersellular space) is large, the dual function of photosynthesis and transpiration (Kertasaputra, 1988).
